Concrete building construction.



E. C. RICHARDSON.

CONCRETE BUILDING coNsTRucTmN.

APPLICATION FILED IAN. I8. 1915.

1,176,987. Patented Mar. 28, 1916. *Tf* Mica,

@Af/@M www rnarrn srr CONCRETE BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

messer.

To all whom'it may concern Be it ,known that I, EDWIN C. Ric-IraansoN, .a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Grand Rapids, in the county of Kent and State of Michigan, have invented certain new `and useful Improvements in Concrete Building Construction; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and` use the same.

This invention relates to a building construction in which it is designed toy construct reinforced concrete sections for a wall or floor of a building, and it is the object and purpose of this invention to provide a. reinforced concrete section which `may be used in conjunction with other secconstruct wall and floor sections having spaced apart sides, the'space between said sides being of utility to provide an air circulation in a completed building' whereby the usual dampness occurring in ordinary buildings of concrete construction may be eliminated, the air circulating in the spaces being dry,and if desired, warmed before it enters the spaces. 1

A further object is the provision of novel means for spacing apart the sides of the sec.- tions, said means also being utilized to connect or tie the sections together when they are associated in the building.

Various other objectszandpurposes will be apparent upon understanding of the embodiment shown in the drawings, in which;

Figure l illustrates in front elevation a fragment of a building constructed from the sections. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of a section adapted to be used in the walls of the building. Fig. 3 is an enlarged horizontal section illustratingthe means used to reinforce and space apart sides of a section and to detachably connect or tie two of the sections together; and Fig. 4 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view illustrating the invention as applied to floors in buildings.

Like reference characters refer to like parts throughout the several views of the drawings. y

The reinforced concrete sections from Speccaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 28, 1916.

Application led `January 18, 1915. Serial No. 2,919.

which a. wall or floor may be built are indicated at l and are comprised each of slabs of concrete 2 and 3 held in spaced apart relation and connected together by a series of loops lying one above the other between the top and bottom of a section, each loop being comprised of sides l embedded in the slabs 2 and 3, at one end integrally connected by an end member and at the opposite end by a member 6, the ends of sides fl adjacent the member G having hrst been bent toward each other as illustrated and then turned downwardly at 7 forming substantially a hook construction. lWhen two of the sections l are located with their edges together the hooks 7 will en, ;age` over ends 5 and firmly connect the sections together as shown in F ig. 3. ltis designed that a plurality of reinforcing rods or wires 8 shall lie lengthwise of each of the concrete slabs 2 and 3 .adjacent each of the parts el, to further reinforce the concrete in addition to the reinforcement given by the loops previously described.

The slabs 2 and 3 may be formed each with a beveled edge 9 adapted to receive companion beveled edges 10 at the opposite edges of the slabs whereby when two of tl concrete sections are joined together as illus trated in Fig. 3, a jointis formed servino` to exclude moisture or the like. A plurality` of these sections placed with their edges together and joined in the manner described may be placed above any suitable foundation 1l as shown in Fig. l and will thus form the outer wall of a building. lVhereever windows, doors or like openings occur in the walls shorter sections lSL may be used constructed in the same manner. There will Ythus be provided an outer wall having an air space throughout and it is apparent that air from the basement of the building may be introduced at the lower ends of the sections to circulate upwardly in the space between the side portions of each section. lt is of course understood that not only the outer wall of the building mav thus be constructed but that the partitions dividing the space inclosed by said walls into rooms may be similarly constructed and may in like manner have warmed air circulate between the spaced apart sides thereof, while the foundation may also be made of the sections.

A slight modification in construction is resorted to in using these sections for floors, there being provided concrete slabs 2a and 3 connected together in similar manner as sides 2 and 3 in sections 1 and spaced apart by loops having sides 4a as shown in Fir. l, the construction thus far being identical with the sections used for walls and the like. For floors however, it is advisable to embed in each section in the under slab 3 thereof, a rod 12 lying lengthwise of the slab 3 but terminating short of the ends thereof. Rods 13 connect with the ends oi rod 12 and extend upwardly at an incline through metal caps 14 fitted at the ends oit' the sections as shown, providing a truss-like reinforce for strengthening the sections against the bending loads to which they may be subjected. rl'Chese sections are also connected together at their edges in a manner identical with that described with reference to the wall sections and the ends may extent. through vertical partition walls 15 ol concrete which, if desired, may be constructed in a manner similar to the vertical sections 1. `With `building sections formed in this manner a partitions in the building will have con nected air spaces to provide an air circulation therethrough which will serve not only as a means for keeping the building dry but as an insulation against the escape of heat through the walls oi? the building.

Such construction is very economical, requiring no skilled labor to assemble the sections, and the double reinforce provided, renders the sections especially strong and durable. It 'may also be noted that Vafter .two sections have been placed together and the hooks 7 of one section placed over the ends 5 of the loops in the adjacent section, ends 6 may be grasped by any suitable tool extended between the sides 2 and 3 and operated so as to draw the sections tightly together, binding the hooks around the ends 5 as will be readily understood.

Various modifications 1n detail may be resorted to without departing from the invention which is delined in the appended claims and which includes all modifications ot structure falling within the scope of said claims.

l claim zi 1. A section for use in building construction comprised of spaced apart slabs of concrete, a plurality oi' loops positioned between the slabs having sides embedded in the slabs transversely thereof, ends connecting the sides or' the loops, and hooks termed at one end of the loops adapted to engage over the opposite ends ot' the loops in other sections, to detachably connect the sections together, substantially as described.

2. A section for use in building constructions comprised of slabs of concrete, means for securing said slabs together in spaced apart relation, caps on the ends of the section, a rod embedded in one of said slabs,

rods connected with the ends of said first rod passing at their ends through the caps, and nuts on the ends oit' said rods bearing against said caps, substantially as described.

3. A section for use in building constructions comprised of spaced apart slabs of concrete, a plurality of substantially rectangular loops located transversely o the said section having sides embedded in the slabs of concrete and ends connecting the said sides at each edge of the section, the ends at one o1 said edges beingV positioned slightly within the limits ot' the section and at the other end projecting beyond the limits of the section, and means formed on said last named ends for connecting them with the oppositefends of an adjacent section, substantially as described.

ln testimony whereoit afliX my signature in presence oit two witnesses.

EDWIN C. RICHARDSO Y vWitnesses: Y

FRANK E. LivERANon, J r., H. H. YAnmNG'roN.

Copies of this patent may beobtainee for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of SPa/tents, Washington, D.- C. 

